Sunday, May 24, 2020

Imperialism Could Have Grown American Into A World Power

Imperialism could have grown American into a world power and still have respected different cultures. Americans viewed the growing nation as a â€Å"melting pot† mixing all cultures into the â€Å"American culture†, which was at the root, white-supremacy. American imperialism was executed poorly by bulldozing the cultures, if America valued and coexisted with the different cultures, an incredible amount of culture and lives could have been saved. Expanding America should have been similar to making a mixed salad, each ingredient is valued on its own and is bound together by a common ingredient. This way cultures are appreciated and respected, brought together by American patriotism of freedom. There is still some mixing from the nation, but it does†¦show more content†¦Chinese markets would greatly benefit American life through financial advancement and elevating ranking to a world power, but by squandering the Philippines, dysfunction and deep-rooted damage wo uld be instituted, contrary to Beveridge and his supporter’s goals. American imperialism expanded the number of products sold through the increased markets offered in foreign countries because new natural resources were obtained from the seized area. Yet, the process of Americans obtaining Philippine crops would be manipulation, since the price given for the land to the previous owner would be substantially lower than the market value of products of the crops. The Philippines had countless untapped natural resources that the natives were not utilizing, which the American colonies would overuse, leaving nothing for the inhabitants. Albert J. Beverage observed the abundant amount of mineral deposits and unknown crops, during his six-month Philippines trip in 1899. The region of the Philippines is a tropical zone, nutrient rich soil, being capable of growing different products that could not be grown on American land, which is what makes it so treasurable. Through American imper ialism, Philippine resources, what they used for their lives andShow MoreRelatedU.s. Foreign Policy Up1045 Words   |  5 PagesImperialism Questions Describe US foreign policy up until 1890. What key events took place in US I in regards to expansion. Summarize them. In the 1800s, there were many disputes over land borders involving Canada, Britain, and Mexico. The Aroostook War was a border dispute between Canada and Maine that was settled by the Webster-Ashburton Treaty in 1842; both sides gained some concessions. There was a border dispute with Britain in the Oregon Territory. In 1846, America and Britain agreed on theRead MoreAnalysis Of Conrad s The Heart Of Darkness794 Words   |  4 PagesThe world a century and a half ago was a radically different place. Not all land in the world had definite geopolitical boundaries. Many people of more advanced civilizations looked down upon those with lesser technology. There were still places to be colonized and civilized. Imperialism in the 1800s and 1900s generally followed five stereotypes. Black people are a separate and lesser species. Natives are generally thought of as being savages. Under the right circumstances, anyone can lose touchRead MoreUnited States Government Expansion Essay752 Words à ‚  |  4 PagesUnited States Government has grown significantly in size, scope, and influence. There are many contributing factors to this expansion. The quest for civil rights, presidential programs and how those programs affected domestic policy, and the foreign policies that were a result of imperialism, nationalism, and the many conflicts that the nation became involved in were the biggest catalysts attributing to this progressive development in the government. These effects have shaped the government from theRead MoreThe Age of Imperialism Essay1573 Words   |  7 PagesImperialism was a time period in which more developed nations colonized less developed nations. The developed nations took advantage of the less developed nations resources, people, lands, and much more. Many countries lost their freedom and independence due to imperialism, however, they also received new technologies and innovations. Since there were many nations involved, there were many attributes that led up to imperialism. Firstly, the Europeans wanted economic expansion. Since the industrialRead MoreAmerican Imperialism and the Colonization of the Philippines Essay1583 Words   |  7 PagesAmerican Imperialism and the Colonization of the Philippines The irony of the 1898 Spanish-American war was that Americans fought partly to aid Cubans in the fight for Cuban sovereignty, and the United States ended up colonizing some territories they won from Spain, like the Philippines. Despite America’s previous claims of only supporting independence and democracy, the United States became an imperialist power and colonized the Philippines (Introduction to the Spanish-American war and theRead MoreThe White Man s Burden1415 Words   |  6 Pagespowerful colonial power in the world. With colonies stretching from islands in the Caribbean to islands in the far Pacific, Britain had built an empire using this idea imperialism—the domination and exertion of contemporary British ideas, most often through trade, investments, and occupation. This display of British power certainly resonated with many throughout the world, especially other European powers that had imperialistic fascinations of their own. In fact, the spread of imperial ism was encouragedRead MoreThe Imperial Republic1299 Words   |  6 PagesThe Imperial Republic Why did the U.S. Pursue Imperialism The US begun to close the frontier which increased fears that the resources the country had were dwindling. This fear of dwindling resources would push the US to find resources abroad. The US had also had a taste of power when it subjugated the Indian tribes and had grown used to exerting colonial control over dependent people. The 1893 depression drove businessmen to look overseas for new markets. There was also a surge in efficiencyRead MoreU.s. Navy As A Symbol Of Power1464 Words   |  6 Pagesthe population due to the Industrial Revolution and electricity, business owners now have the desire and oppurtunity to expand towards new markets. It would not only bring in new wealth, but help solve the economic despression. Culture Inspired by the philosophy of Social Darwanism, Anglo-Saxons or people of English descent believed they had a notion of superiority over any other culture. With this, Americans justified the view that it was the responsibility of the United States to help establishRead MoreNegative Impacts Of Nationalism1408 Words   |  6 Pagesbecame a nation of individuals in certain countries that they could call their own. Nationalism has also helped in the improvement of incomes and education by helping those citizens to come together for a common good. The negative impacts of nationalism is the imposing of views on other societies. Religion for example was used as a tool to impose Europes nationalistic views on the countries they conquered. They wanted every country to have European influence and change parts of their culture to makeRead MoreThe Treaty Of Paris Of 18981119 Words   |  5 Pages An anonymous solider, while stationed in the Philippines after the Spanish-American War, once sai d, â€Å"I don’t believe the people of the U.S. understand the condition of things here†¦I have seen enough to almost make me ashamed to call myself an American† (Miller). The Treaty of Paris of 1898 was an agreement made that involved Spain renouncing nearly all of its remaining empire, freeing Cuba, as well as ceding Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines to the United States. This marked the beginning of

Wednesday, May 13, 2020

Microsoft s Supply Chain Management Essay - 1668 Words

Transmittal Letter Adam McDonald 1611 La Rossa Cir San Jose, CA, 95125 Brian Krzanich 2200 Mission College Blvd. Santa Clara, CA 95054 Dear Mr. Krzanich My name is Adam McDonald, and I’m a student at the University of San Francisco. I currently study computer science, and before attending USF, I accumulated 4 years of progressive supply chain management experience. The problem being addressed in this proposal should be a serious concern to you and the shareholders of Intel. Numerous competitors have entered the market over the last decade that have been profiting on the cheap labor tactics found in Asia. In order for Intel to remain an industry leader in the future, innovative supply chain solutions need to be made. The first step to innovating Intel’s supply chain starts with RFID technology. Over the last four years, I’ve delt a great deal with RFID supply chains, and have seen first hand the positive advancements that are made with them. If given the opportunity to lead this project with your company, I believe I can close the gap between Intel and it’s competitors. Warm regards, Adam McDonald Table of Contents Here you will create a table of contents, which should be neat and professional-looking. Executive Summary While Intel remains a leader in technologies, the manufacturing processes used are dated, and need to be changed. By implementing RFID technology within Intel warehouses, the company can find gaps within the supply chain, and develop solutionsShow MoreRelatedApplication Of A Enterprise Application1088 Words   |  5 Pagesbusiness processes more closely. There are 4 major enterprise applications 1.Enterprise resource planning 2.Supply chain management 3.Customer relationship management 4.Knowledge management system As per the project we are mainly concentrate on enterprise resource planning. Enterprise resource planning: ERP is a type of software functionality: It provides an end-to-end information management solution for a company. This software could be used by all departments within the company to manage their informationRead MoreEnterprise Technologies And The Value Chain1376 Words   |  6 PagesEnterprise Technologies and the Value Chain If a firm hopes to deliver value to its customers, it is important for said firms to understand how and where value is created and potentially lost. In today’s business environment, implementing traditional value chains are resulting in firms falling behind†¦losing its competitive advantage. Today’s value chains are a blend of both traditional and virtual value chains. Grounded in both value chains is technology. Those firms that adopt emerging enterpriseRead MoreApplication Of Enterprise Resource Planning1122 Words   |  5 Pagesprocesses more closely. There are 4 major enterprise applications 1.Enterprise resource planning 2.Supply chain management 3.Customer relationship management 4.Knowledge management system As per the project we are mainly concentrate on enterprise resource planning. Enterprise resource planning- Enterprise resource planning is a type of software Functionality- It provides an end-to-end information management solution for a company. This software could be used by all departments within the company to manageRead MoreEnterprise Information Systems : Managing The Digital Firm1228 Words   |  5 Pagesbusiness processes more closely and combining groups of processes so they can concentrate on efficient management of resources and customer service. There are 4 major enterprise applications 1.Enterprise resource planning 2.Supply chain management 3.Customer relationship management 4.Knowledge management system As per the project we are mainly concentrate on enterprise resource planning. Citation: Management Information Systems: Managing the digital firm. (14th ed). Laudon, K. C., Laudon, J. P. PearsonRead MoreReckitt Benckiser Supply Chain in Practice: Challenges and Recommendations.1465 Words   |  6 Pagessegment respectively while Nurofen, an analgesic, ranks second in Europe. Also, Clearasil is ranked as the number two anti-acne treatment worldwide. The company s Air Wick is ranked second in the air care segment worldwide. This strong portfolio of brands significantly fuels the revenues and profitability of the company. In terms of management structure, it is organized in such a way that there are three areas in the world: Europe, which includes Eastern Europe and Turkey; the Americas—North AmericaRead MoreInformation Technology ( It ) Is A Universal And Versatile Tool1646 Words   |  7 Pages If I did not have a GPS, I would lose my way. In addition, I can order pizza or anything else in the internet. In business, we cannot without it. We used for information-based system, intranet, and paperless system at work. We need a financial management system to deal with the financial things, and Decision Support System can help and support the decision and strategy. Along with IT developingï ¼Å'it is more and more important in business. It can strengthen enterprise competitiveness and promoteRead MoreHow The Supply Chain Has Evolved Over The Years1033 Words   |  5 Pages The supply chain has evolved over the years. With new businesses that are on the rise in the competitive world it is important to stay on top. Different merchants create better deals that cause relationships between the suppliers and their customers to the end. I wanted to explore those relationships and research the history of the â€Å"supply chain†. I wanted to know how things were ran and how they are able to sustain business when the economy changes. How supply chain management has evolved InRead MoreRelevant Types Of E Business Models1701 Words   |  7 Pages is the supply and delivery of an extensive range of food products which include smallgoods, fresh meat, seafood, dairy, dry goods and food packaging to customers in the Foodservice and Route trade industries. This includes cafes, restaurants, hotels, schools, clubs, delicatessens, fruit barns and convenience stores. All of its customers are either retailers in the food industry or businesses which includes the service of food in their operations, therefore the company’s business model(s) falls intoRead MoreApplication Of An Erp System Vendor For Their Running Business1688 Words   |  7 Pagesinclude all the details of deploying ERP system solutions and the most efficient solutions for this small businesses. The IT software retailer chosen for this case report includes Microsoft Dynamics, Oracle, and SAP. Requirement 1: The business functional areas their product supports. Microsoft Dynamic developed by Microsoft is a software application company comprises a line of enterprise resource planning product primarily geared towards midsize or small businesses. SAP SE Multinational SoftwareRead MoreHow Microsoft Has A Successful Computer Based Product With The Technological Marketplace1631 Words   |  7 Pageswill create a solid market, where they could reap the benefits of the profits associated with these products. Operation management and the various elements that make up this business strategy play an important role in the success, or failure of the different products. Therefore, companies must be careful in their deployment of these operational management techniques. Microsoft has a long history of lunching successful computer based product with the technological marketplace. However, there history

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Good in the Moral Context Free Essays

GOOD IN THE MORAL CONTEXT i. e. OBJECTIVISIT, SUBJECTIVIST AND FUNCTIONALIST ‘Good’ can be described from three views: †¢Objectivist †¢Subjectivist †¢Functionalist Objectivist point of view One main philosopher who defended the objectivist point of view was George Edward (G. We will write a custom essay sample on Good in the Moral Context or any similar topic only for you Order Now E. ) Moore. In his book Principia Ethica, Moore discussed the definition of the word ‘good’. With this book he influenced the philosophers who came after him. The objectivist point of view is naturalism i. e. (what moral law predictates, usually from the natural law). In defining the word ‘good’, G. E. Moore attacks the objectivist point of view. He criticizes the naturalistic point of view. Moore, an intuitionist (meaning he is someone who decides if something is good or wrong by reflecting on his own, without anyone explaining to him) disagreed that good could be explained objectively. Moore criticised Utilitiarians as they were emotivists, i. e. depending on feelings. Thus they defined ‘good’ according to feelings. So good = pleasure. Thus utilitarians do not judge whether an action is good or bad by the quality of the action but by the consequence of the effects. Moore also criticised Christian morality, because these reason an action is good because it pleases God. He said, something is not defined as good because it pleases someone else. Moore invented an interesting term called ‘The Naturalistic fallacy’. Naturalistic fallacy, according to Moore, is to define a term, in this case ‘good’ by means of something which is a state of fact. To explain ‘good’ in terms of pleasure, is committing a Naturalistic fallacy. His reasoning is as thus: if something gives me pleasure, and thus because of this feeling, I say it is good; I conclude, since it is good, then I ought to do it – this is a wrong conclusion. ‘Is’ is a statement of fact, while ‘ought’ is a moral statement. Moore was an intuitionist. Moore says that the word ‘good’ is not defined by its natural qualities (the qualities which are natural to something and which describe the object e. g. a red, juicy strawberry. If someone is asked why the strawberry is good, his answer will be, ‘because it is red and juicy’ thus defining ‘good’ by its natural qualities). For Moore, good is good and cannot be defined. The objectivists say that moral terms are explained by means of natural qualities. Objectivism is the view that the claims of ethics are objectively true. They are not relative to subject or culture. A term is defined as thus because it is as thus. So good is good not because of feelings or situations, the definition of which would be from a subjectivist point of view, giving rise to relativism. ‘Good’ is defined as thus, because the actions showing good are inscribed in us in the natural law. So according to objectivists, ‘good’ is described by its natural qualities. Naturalism, which the objectivists used, is a term which interprets the word as it is standing for natural characteristics. This may be misleading as good might stand for a quality of pleasure or for something to be desired, and this is not always right. Something pleasurable may in actual fact be wrong. One argument against naturalism, which the objectivists use, is that attribution (is) is confused with identity (ought). ‘Is’ is a statement of fact, while ‘ought’ is a moral statement. These (‘is’ and ‘ought’) are sometimes confused. Thus if something is pleasurable, thus it is good, thus it ought to be done, is (1) a wrong definition of ‘good’, (2) a wrong assumption as not all pleasures are good. One cannot equate good with solely pleasure. Moore goes deeper. In defining a word, he tried to split it into simpler terms. According to Moore, ‘good’ cannot be split into any simpler terms as it is already in the simplest term. So Moore’s philosophy states that ‘good’ is ‘good’. ‘Good’ is indefinable. Subjectivist point of view Subjectivism means that what is right or wrong is defined from the perspective of one’s attitudes, one’s theories and one’s emotions. Subjectivism is based on feelings, and as a result of emotivism. Subjectivism may also be called emotivism. Subjectivism is ethical values expressed in emotional values; personal emotions which can differ from one person to another. Thus there is no fixed standard, no norm, no mean. David Hume He is a basic figure in subjectivism. He was a 17th century philosopher. Hume was also an empiricist (tries to tie knowledge to experience) as he did not use rationalism (reason) but got experience from things around him. Hume said that all we know comes from around us, from our senses 9what we see, what we feel). Decante on the other hand used rationalism. Kant tried to fuse empiricism and rationalism. Hume thus says that a person, basically, is a bunch of sense experiences. He also says that the senses can never lead us to the universal truth. We cannot say that something is right or wrong just from our senses. According to Hume, ethics is not built on reason (which is what Aristotle says) but on the senses. The universal truths (which are basically what the natural law states – do good to others, harm no one etc) are simply cut off by Hume’s subjective approach. Hume emptied ethics from any rational foundation – he shifted ethics based on reason (like that of Aristotle) to ethics based on emotions or feelings. Hume says not to look for reason but for sentiments – thus if something feels good – do it. He said that passion not reason is what leads us to do something – reason alone is ineffective. According to Hume, it is sentiments and not reason which are the foundations of morality. Hume said that statements like ‘This car is red’ (descriptive) and ‘This action is good’ (evaluative) are statements both of the same nature. He mixed descriptive and evaluative argument. In the statement, ‘This person is good’ one is not saying something about the person, but it is my reaction towards that person. Three philosophers affected by Hume were AJ Ayer, CL Stevenson and Hare. AJ Ayer According to Ayer, when we make a judgement, it can be classified as 1. empirical or factual 2. logical or analytical 3. emotive Ayer said that ethical statements are non-statements because you cannot verify them (as in analytical statements) and you cannot make them as a statement of fact (empirical statement or factual). Ethical statements such as good, just expresses one’s emotions (emotivism) – a statement depending on one’s feelings. For Ayer ethical statements are meaningless. Ethical concepts, such as good, cannot be analysed because they are not real oncepts at all – they are false concepts. He stated, ‘The presence of an ethical symbol (good is an ethical symbol) in a statement adds nothing to its factual content, meaning nothing is stated about the nature of the ethical symbol. Thus ‘good’ has no value when describing someone or something – for Ayer ‘good’ was just a way of expressing a feeling about the person/object concerned. CL Stevenson Statements such as ‘good’ do not say anything about state of facts but says only about one’s behaviour, one’s attitudes and one’s feelings. Ethical statements such as ‘good’ do not express a belief, only attitudes. Beliefs are based on reason, attitudes and one’s emotions (emotive). ‘Moral discourses are primarily not informative but influential’, says Stevenson. Thus when I say ‘John is good’, I am expressing my feelings and at the same time influencing others by my statement. Stevenson, being emotive, says that ethical language, such as good, does not give us information about the person or object – they simply express one’s emotions. They simply intent to inform, they do not say anything about the nature. Hare While Ayer and Stevenson said that ethical statements are non-rational, non-logical, Hare is introducing rationality. He says that by a statement one influences another person, if the latter accepts it, and to do so he must understand it and he has to use his reason. Another point that Hare brought up is that an ethical statement can be 1. emotive 2. action guiding To guide it involves rationality. So ethical statements are not simply giving a piece of information, but action guiding (presciptivism – moral commitment to the giving or accepting of a command). Hare says that ‘a right action is one which ought to be done’ while ‘a wrong action is one that ought not to be done’. The prescriptive theory holds that the words ‘good’ or ‘bad’ are used not simply to command but to comment (=give an advice to do or not to do). ‘Good’ as applied to objects. It is important to distinguish between ‘meaning’ and ‘criteria’. Meaning always has a value, but criteria (the description) is different. ‘This marker is good’ or ‘This microphone is good’. The meaning is the same as the marker writes and the microphone amplifies sound. As applied to people, if I say, ‘John is a good man’. If we stick to the idea of Hare, that moral discourse, ethical statements, are action guiding, am I saying that ‘if you want a good man choose John’. It does not make sense. So when we place human beings as morally good, we are not talking about use or function. Hare deals with the distinction of the function and by treating the moral sense of good, it becomes an advice for imitation rather than a choice. A weak point of Hare: he still says that moral statements (such as good) still not saying anything about the person, but simply is a matter of influencing others and telling others to imitate him. Moral discourse is not only influential but action guiding – brings in rationality. He is still an emotivist saying that if an object is good, I am action guiding you; if a person is good I am just telling you to imitate him. Functionalist approach The functionalist approach is defining good in terms of aim and purpose. Good is the fulfilment of a function. For example a marker is good because it fulfils its function – it writes. If you are saying something is good, you are saying something about the object. O am not reflecting my emotions on an object (thus not an emotivist). A functionalist approach is based on its function. An emotivist approach is based on the attitude. A person chooses the good from the bad chooses a good life, because we are aiming at a ‘goal’ at an ‘end’. Aristotle is saying that there is something in-built in every object, in every person, to seek the good – the good being that at which all things aim. For a person to live a good life, he must understand the purpose of the human life. The purpose of human life is common to all humans, from a philosophical point of view – to have a good life. Aristotle defined end or purpose as ‘that for the sake a thing is done’ and good ‘as that at which all things aim’. Aristotle aid that God and nature do nothing in vain – that everything in the universe has been created to achieve a particular purpose. According to Aristotle the purpose of all human beings is the same. To understand the meaning of the word ‘good’ and of the ‘good life’, we have to understand the purpose of the human life and thus the metaphysics of the universe. In attempting to answer the meaning of ‘good’, Aristotle looked at the dynamic elements of the world around us (oak tree, chimpanzees, humans and so on). This is the general characteristics which defines Aristotle’s philosophy (metaphysics and ethics) and teleological (the study of the ends and purpose of things). According to Plato’s metaphysical views, he came with two kinds of worlds, the world of ideal and the world of reality. What we see is not the real world but an imitation of the ideal world. So substance in the ideal world is not included in the real world. Aristotle was Plato’s student but he still rejected Plato’s approach. Aristotle brought together the world of ideal and the world of reality. What we see is not an imitation – it is real. To explain the universe, Aristotle gave the theory of the four causes. 1. natural cause 2. formal cause 3. effective cause 4. final cause The theory of the four causes explains the dynamic nature of all the animate objects including human beings. In that way we can understand the goal, the purpose of the life of a human being, thus the meaning of a good life and the meaning of the word good. Metaphysics gives us a way of understanding reality how the human person acts and behaves, this behaviour can be living a good or a bad life. Ethics and metaphysics are distinct but interrelated. The theory of the four causes goes to explain, that if we think of an example of something which is produced by an agent such as a statue – then Material cause – that which constitutes the statue eg marble Formal cause – the pattern or blue print determining the form and the result Efficient cause – agency producing the result eg tools, sculpture Final cause – the sake for which the cause is produced ie the end towards which the production is directed In the case of humans: Material cause – genes Formal cause – human Efficient cause – freedom, intention, responsibility, practical reasoning Final cause – the good life In humans the efficient cause and final cause are dependent of the formal cause – the fact that I am a human being. We are free to make choices in the efficient cause, choosing responsibility or lack of it, thus effecting the final cause. Aristotle also spoke about potency and actuality. Potency is the potentiality of something or someone – characteristics, which if cultured, become actual. Actuality means when something, which is potential, becomes actual. So we have to ask†¦what is our potentiality? We have a potential to reach our goal in life. Conclusion Having been exposed to these three views, in the definition of the word ‘good’, I think that subjectivism is the view which least defines well the word ‘good’. This view shows relativism and emotivism. To define a word well, especially one with a moral value/a virtue, there has to be a norm, a mean, a standard and subjectivism fails to do this. On the other hand, the functionalist definition of the word ‘good’ is the best definition of all as it shows a standard – its function; so there is no relativism involved. How to cite Good in the Moral Context, Papers

Monday, May 4, 2020

Bridge to a Wisemans Cove Analytical Essay free essay sample

The author utilises the shop as an unwelcoming place to demonstrate an overview of the possible beginning of Carl’s new life. In this quote, â€Å"Not taking any responsibility† (page 13), Moloney uses Mr Nugent’s grumpiness to demonstrate how unwanted Carl in Wattle Beach would be. James Moloney made use of characterisation to construct Carl’s psychological and emotional state throughout his journey. He shaped him as obese, a person that comes from a dysfunctional family and an outcast. Carl’s physical appearance and family background, portrayed by Moloney, affected him psychologically. When Carl is offered a job on the barge, this gives him an opportunity to change his negative body image. â€Å"He was ashamed of his fleshy bulges†¦ only solitary human being† (page 23 and 37). Carl’s outward appearance influences his self-perception, thus moulding him into a self-conscious young man which in time he would learn to overcome. On the other hand, the author characterises Harley as wild, a rascal and badly behaved. We will write a custom essay sample on Bridge to a Wisemans Cove Analytical Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page â€Å"†¦pinched†¦ spray cans†¦ covered†¦ town in graffiti†¦ don’t need anyone† (page 91-93). Moloney created Harley in this way, so Carl would feel that it’s his responsibility to protect him and keep him out of trouble. Carl needed to become Harley’s protector, following and keeping an eye on him. This also shows Carl’s devotion towards Harley which culminated when Harley was lost at sea. He now understands how strong a family connection is. Similarly, Joy Duncan is characterised as caring, nice, fair and the ‘bridge’ to Carl’s self-discovery by the author. â€Å"Joy Duncan sticking up for a Matt†¦ The world’s gone crazy† (page 85). Although Carl’s grandfather killed Joy’s son, Joy continues to extend her love for Carl. This brings Carl into realisation that someone actually loved him. He then was able to reconcile his feelings about his mother. When Joy discovered that Carl’s mother was in facet returning home, prior to the accident, she is able to console Carl and again offer her love. The author uses symbolism to the novel to illustrate Carl’s emotional and psychological journey. The osprey is a symbol for both of their development through life’s hardships. â€Å"I’m like the osprey†¦ couldn’t get off the ground because the pain was too much† (page 230). James Moloney symbolises the bird’s fight for freedom to represent what Carl experiences. Both suffer physically and emotionally. When the bird is set free, it is Joy who remarks â€Å"†¦It must be great† (page 193). This quote by her is meant to be about Carl and his ongoing journey. The barge is a metaphorical element that Moloney created, which embodies the relationship that Carl developed within his journey. This helped him overcome his feeling of abandonment and rejection from his mother and sister because now, he no longer feels like he doesn’t belong and everyone in Wattle Beach now desire to be him. ‘barge†¦ trips†¦ journey†¦ to the island’ (page 71). A barge shifts cars from one place to another, likewise, his new found friendship assisted him to shift into a confident young man. The transition from Carl’s colourless life, towards the accepted, idolised and cherished Carl, symbolises the bridge. The bridge similar to the barge allows Carl to move forward accepting his continuous change in his physical and emotional lifestyle. ‘A Bridge at Last’ (page 216). The hunger for being valued and welcome is similar to their eagerness for the bridge. The â€Å"bridge† is designed as the catalyst for Carl’s alteration by the author. James Moloney used a variety of literary devices to finalize his novel. To demonstrate Carl’s emotional and psychological changes, he used the techniques setting, characterisation and symbolism. Moloney crafted Carl as a wimpy, self-conscious and a loner initially. As the novel progresses, Carl slowly matures into the confident, sociable and friendly young man. Carl’s new friends, the barge and the admiration and love offered to Carl triggered Carl’s transformation of himself. ‘Carl opened up†¦ letting go and feeling a freedom flood into him. The tears he craved welled in his eyes†¦ he knew at last that he was alive’ (page 241).